I’ve done a little bit of language studying and one thing I heard about repeatedly is that people tend to mistakenly believe in their own exceptionalism.
Like, their own native language has idioms, and they just assumed that other languages didn’t have idioms.
But we are all humans and languages are all going to exist in support of human communication. Therefore, you should assume that all languages have all major features of expression, including idioms and sarcasm.
Similarly, cultures are made from humans and to facilitate human interaction, so you should expect that things like sarcasm will exist in every culture.
So sarcasm would exist but not the way we understand it, does it mean that sarcasm is an intrinsic part of human nature?
A basic building block to humor is a subversion of expectations. Sarcasm is just stating things as the opposite of the intended meaning. Sarcasm is, in essence, the base level that most humor is built upon, and because of that is looked down on because it is “easy mode.”
I once heard about a tribe in South America. Say a man had four wives. If he was asked how many wives he had, and in that moment he only could see two of them, he had to answer “I have two wifes”. I wonder if in this culture sarcasm would be a thing.
It seems that people in this culture can only talk about what they see. Or the guy lacks object permanence.
This might be about the languages where the only “numbers” they have are “zero”, “one”, “a few” and “many”.
If a conversation was held in English, then for the speaker “two” and “four” are synonyms.
Edit: I stand corrected, see replies
(Not first-hand knowledge) I read somewhere that tonal languages such as Chinese make it difficult to express sarcasm the same way Indo-European languages do, with accent and inflection.I just did a quick research on tonal languages, it’s quite tricky for a beginner to grasp these subtle expressions. Imagine a life without sarcasm. Brutal. I wonder if they have their own way of conveying it.
Sarcasm can be conveyed non-verbally. Through facial expressions, gestures or situational context for example. The core concept is not bound to specific languages but to the social/cognitive ability of the communicators, I’d say. Young children have a very hard time with sarcasm, regardless of where they’re born.
Even in English, sarcasm can be delivered very dryly in a way that would be undetectable without knowing context. It doesn’t need to be spoken with exaggerated tones. I do it too much.
Yeah.
Impossible conveying a message of sarcasm if people cannot hear my voice.
That’s why there’s no sarcasm in the Internet.
Definitely China and maybe Japan. In American culture I feel sarcasm is fun banter but coming to China and in Chinese it just makes one look like a jerk. I’m less proficient in Japanese so I cannot fully tell how my sarcasm was taken but I’m assuming a similar reception.
Look at the translations for sarcasm: 讽刺，反话.
Looking up the definition of sarcasm in Japanese I have no idea what this kanji is supposed to mean lmao 皮肉
Sarcasm can be used to be inclusive to someone (I’m saying this thing we both know to be untrue, imagine thinking otherwise! We understand one another.) or derisive (I’m saying this stupid thing you’d probably think is true because you’re an idiot and I want to make sure you know it.) I know friendly people who do the former a lot and nasty people who exclusively do the latter. I wonder if the former is more difficult to achieve among a foreign culture with a second language.
I believe 皮肉 means “skin of the meat”, or in other words, superficial. What’s being said is not necrssarily the intent of the words. Or, in other words, sarcasm.
